全球化一种动态的社会进程，是一个以经济全球化为核心，包含各国各民族各地区在政治，文化，科技，军事，安全，意识形态，生活方式，价值观念等多层次，多领域的相互联系，影响、制约的多元概念。人们认为这些进程把我们的社会状态转化为了一种具有全球性的状态。这样，全球化的核心其实就是人类联系的多种变幻莫测的形式。本书作者把全球化的过程分成五个阶段来看。自人类诞生以来，从人类祖先“走出非洲”到中国四大发明的传播，从欧美城市兴起和民族国家形成再到几个世纪前的殖民统治最后到今天的“地球村”，所有的政治文化技术人口交融都处于全球化的进程中。全球化也不只是一种现代的独特经济或政治现象，而是人类和地球的经济、文化、社会的关系变迁。
作者还介绍了全球化主要发展动力，全球化时代是继现代工业文明文化模式之后的一个新时代，他可以追溯到人类古代的经济贸易发展，哥伦布发现新大陆揭开了全球交往的新的序幕，开辟了全球，个国家地区之间相互往来，相互作用的时代，第二次世界大战使全球作为一个整体获得了十足的重要性，20世纪70年代的石油危机暴露了现代工业文明的局限性，全球通讯系统的建立，标志着人类进入了相互联系，共同生存的全球化时代。
作者也介绍了两大反全球主义阵营，第一个是特定论保护主义，他们谴责全球化给本国或本地区的经济，政治及文化带来了麻烦，他们认为，古老的社会模式正面临着逐渐消失的危险，对于如何建设一个全球性的更加公平合理的国际秩序来说，特定论保护主义者更加关心他们本国公民的福利。第二个是普世论保护主义，他们认为，全球化导致了更大程度上的全球不平等，高失业率环境恶化以及社会福利消失，他们提出要建立一种基于全球财富与权力再分配基础之上的国际新秩序，保护全世界的普通人免受新自由主义和全球化带来的伤害。
通过对这本书的阅读，我们可以认识到，全球化是一把双刃剑，全球化的经济贸易互利共赢可以弥补和减少，由于地域物质条件或技术条件限制而产生的全球社会劳动的障碍，重复等浪费，可以通过物质贸易行为互通有无，最大限度的避免侵略掠夺战争的发生，优化资源的合理配置和利用，也使得世界的经济文化交流更为便利。同时，在全球化的过程中，民族国家的主权意识受到了削弱，在这一点上，不利于发展中国家维护自己的主权，而且在全球化的竞争过程中，发展中国家通常处于不利地位，而发达国家是全球化的最大受益者，导致各国贫富差距进一步扩大，跨国投资增大了全球市场的投机性和风险性，这也使得局部地区的经济震荡可能直接波及全球。总的来说，我们应该用更长的眼光，更周全的角度去看待全球化，全球化是一个动态发展的进程，我国作为世界上最大的发展中国家，我们需要更加充分的利用世界经济全球化中凸显的优势来发展我们国家，为本国国民谋福利，最大化的规避全球化带来的风险。
Globalization is a dynamic social process, which takes economic globalization as its core, and includes the multi-level and multi-field interconnection, influence and restriction of various countries, nationalities and regions in politics, culture, science and technology, military affairs, security, ideology, lifestyle and values. People think that these processes have transformed our social state into a global state. In this way, the core of globalization is actually a variety of unpredictable forms of human contact. The author of this book divides the process of globalization into five stages. Since the birth of mankind, from the "going out of Africa" of human ancestors to the spread of China's four great inventions, from the rise of European and American cities and the formation of nation-states, to the colonial rule several centuries ago, and finally to today's "global village", all political, cultural, technical and population blending is in the process of globalization. Globalization is not just a unique modern economic or political phenomenon, but the change of the relationship between human beings and the earth's economy, culture and society.
The author also introduces the main driving force of globalization. The globalization era is a new era after the modern industrial civilization and cultural pattern, which can be traced back to the economic and trade development of ancient mankind. Columbus's discovery of the new continent opened a new prelude to global communication, and opened up an era of interaction between countries and regions around the world. The Second World War made the whole world gain full importance. The oil crisis in 1970s exposed the limitations of modern industrial civilization. The establishment of global communication system marked
The author also introduces two anti-globalism camps. The first one is specific protectionism. They condemn globalization for bringing troubles to the economy, politics and culture of their own country or region. They believe that the ancient social model is in danger of disappearing gradually. As for how to build a more fair and reasonable global international order, specific protectionism is more concerned about the welfare of their own citizens. The second is the universalist protectionism. They believe that globalization has led to greater global inequality, high unemployment rate, environmental deterioration and the disappearance of social welfare. They propose to establish a new international order based on the redistribution of global wealth and power to protect ordinary people all over the world from the harm caused by neoliberalism and globalization.
Through the reading of this book, we can realize that globalization is a double-edged sword, which can be compensated and reduced by mutual benefit and win-win results of global economic and trade. The obstacles, repetitions and other wastes of global social labor caused by geographical material conditions or technical conditions can be exchanged for needed goods through material trade, thus avoiding the invasion and plunder wars to the greatest extent, optimizing the rational allocation and utilization of resources, and making the world's economic and cultural exchanges more convenient. At the same time, in the process of globalization, the sense of sovereignty of nation-states has been weakened, which is not conducive to developing countries to safeguard their sovereignty. Moreover, in the process of globalization competition, developing countries are usually at a disadvantage, while developed countries are the biggest beneficiaries of globalization, which leads to a further widening of the gap between the rich and the poor, and transnational investment increases the speculation and risk of the global market, which also makes the economic shocks in local areas directly spread to the whole world. Generally speaking, we should look at globalization from a longer perspective and a more comprehensive perspective. Globalization is a dynamic development process. As the largest developing country in the world, China needs to make full use of the prominent advantages in the globalization of the world economy to develop our country, work for the welfare of our own people and avoid the risks brought by globalization to the greatest extent.
Globalization is a dynamic social process, which takes economic globalization as its core, and includes the interconnection, influence and restriction of various countries, nationalities and regions in politics, culture, science and technology, military affairs, security, ideology, lifestyle and values at multiple levels and in multiple fields. People think that these processes have transformed our social state into a global state. In this way, the core of globalization is actually a variety of unpredictable forms of human contact. The author divides the process of globalization into five stages. From the birth of mankind, from the "going out of Africa" of human ancestors to the spread of China's four great inventions, from the rise of European and American cities and the formation of nation-states, to colonial rule several centuries ago, and finally to today's "global village", all the political, cultural, technical and demographic blending is in the process of globalization. Globalization is not just a unique modern economic or political phenomenon, but a change in the relationship between human beings and the earth's economy, culture and society.
The author describes the main driving force of globalization. The era of globalization is a new era after the modern industrial civilization and cultural pattern, which can be traced back to the economic and trade development of ancient mankind. Columbus' discovery of the new continent opened a new prelude to global communication, and opened up an era of interaction between countries and regions around the world. The Second World War gave the whole world gain full importance. The oil crisis of 1970s exposed the limitations of modern industrial civilization. The establishment of global communications system marked.
The author also introduces two anti-globalism camps. The first one is specific protectionism. They condemn globalization for bringing problems in the economy, politics and culture of their own countries or regions. They believe that the ancient social model is in danger of disappearing gradually. As for how to build a more just and reasonable global international order, specific protectionism is more concerned with the welfare of their own citizens. The second is the universalist protectionism. They believe that globalization has led to greater global inequality, high unemployment rate, environmental deterioration and the disappearance of social welfare. They propose to establish a new international order based on the redistribution of global wealth and power to protect ordinary people all over the world from the harm caused by neoliberalism and globalization.
Through the reading of this book, we can realize that globalization is a double-edged sword, which can be compensated and reduced by mutual benefit and win-win results of global economic and trade. The obstacles, repetitions and other wastes of global social labor caused by geographical material conditions or technical conditions can be exchanged for needed goods through material trade, thus avoiding the invasion and plundering wars to the greatest extent, optimizing the rational allocation and utilization of resources, and making the world's economic and cultural exchanges more convenient. At the same time, in the process of globalization, the sense of sovereignty of nation-states has been weakened, which is not conducive to developing countries safeguarding their sovereignty. Moreover, in the process of globalization competition, developing countries are usually at a disadvantage, while developed countries are the biggest beneficiaries of globalization, which leads to a further widening of the gap between the rich and the poor, and transnational investment increases the speculation and risk in the global market, which also makes the economic shocks in local areas directly spread to the whole world.
Generally speaking, we should look at globalization from a longer perspective and a more comprehensive perspective. Globalization is a dynamic development process. As the largest developing country in the world, China needs to make full use of the prominent advantages in the globalization of the world economy to develop our country, work for the welfare of our own people and avoid the risks brought by globalization to the greatest extent.
